Minnan 闽南方言

List of Abbreviations / 简称列表

MNA = Minnan Dialect
IPA = International Phonetic Alphabet
MAN = Mandarin X-SAMPA
ARP = English Arpabet & Arpasing
RMJ = Japanese Romaji

Vowels and Semivowels

MNA Example MAN ARP RMJ
a a a aa a
e e e eh e
i i i iy i
o o @ ax o
oo ɔ o ao o
u u u uw u

To accommodate Pehoeji(POJ), diphthongs ua ue ing ik can also be written as oa oe eng ek.
为了兼容白话字,双元音ua ue ing ik也可以写作oa oe eng ek

Consotants

MNA Example MAN ARP RMJ
p p, p̚(Final) p p p
ph ph p p
m m m m m
b b p b b
t t, t̚(Final) t d d
th th t t
n n n n n
l l l l r
k k, k̚(Final) k k k
kh kh k k
g g k g g
ng ŋ N ng N
ts ts, tɕ ts t z z
tsh tsʰ, tɕʰ tsh t s ts
s s, ɕ s s s
j dz, dʑ z` z z
h h x hh h
h (Final) ʔ cl cl cl

To accommodate Pehoeji(POJ) and the Taiwan Language Phonetic Alphabet(TLPA), ts can also be written as ch z, tsh can also be written as chh c.
为了兼容白话字及台湾语言音标方案,ts也可以写作ch ztsh也可以写作chh c